Apparatus for emulsification of immiscible ingredients



N. BENDIXEN Dec. 6, 1932.

APPARATUS FOR EMULSIFICATION OF IMMISCIBLE INGREDIENTS a Ib / Ye/v-ra/ MBeH ZiXe/V Fig.6-

Patented Dec. 6, 1932 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE NIELS BENDIXEN, OFLONDON, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR TO J. C. VREDENIBURG, OF LONDON, ENGLANDAPPARATUS FOR EMULSIFICATION OF IMMISCIBLE INGREDIENTS Application filedApril 16, 1931, Serial No. 530,687, and in England November 24, 1930.

This invention relates to an apparatus for emulsification of immiscibleingredients.

In the known emulsors a pressure is created on the liquids in a closedcontainer by centrifugal force and by releasing this pressure throughspray-nozzles, knife-edges, etc., an atomizing effect is obtained bywhat is described as an explosion occurring the moment when the liquidsare slung or pressed out of the container. This type of emulsors has thedrawback, that the container must be made very strong to guard againstbursting, and even the greatest precautions will often not suffice incase of stoppage of the fine outlet aperture.

The present invention is based on a principle different from thepressure-emulsors. The new apparatus employs no closed container butconsists of two horizontally rotating metal discs which are detachablyconnected, for instance screwed together, in such a way that they holdin position between them a series of perforated metal jackets or ringsof different diameters, the said perforations being covered by metal.Means are provided for feeding the liquids to be emulsified inside thesmallest ring or jacket. By the centrifugal force the liquids are slungout through the smallest ring and atomized. The mist is then caught bythe second ring and in this state it is possible to carry the atomiz-ingvery far, and this minimizing of the atomized particles can be carriedfurther and further by adjusting the number of jackets or ringsaccording to the fineness desired.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention the jackets are in the formof circular rings placed concentric to each other and to the center ofrotation. Carriers, as for instance baflies or vanes, may be providedfor. moving the mixture through the perforations. The same results maybe obtained by giving the rings certain shapes, as square, rectangular,and making their sides corrugated, serrated, etc. The jackets or ringsmay also be placed excentri to each other.

In the drawing forming part of this specification some preferredembodiments of the 50 invention are illustrated.

Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation showing an apparatus with a plurality ofrings interposed between the two discs;

, Fig. 2 is a top View thereof, the upper disc of the apparatus beingremoved;

The Figs. 3-0 show different shapes and arrangements of the rings orjackets held in position between the said discs.

Referring first to Figs. 1 and 2, a and b are two cylindrical metaldiscs which can be screwed together by means of a screw-threaded metalpart c or otherwise. They are meant to revolve at great velocity, forin-' stance 10,000 revolutions per minute, around their centres. Theupper disc is provided with a feeding funnel cl, meant to receive duringthe revolution the mixture to be emub sified. By means of holes a thefunnel communicates with the space between the two discs. holes 6perforated metal rings f f P, are placed concentric to each other and tothe center of rotation in annular grooves 9 y rovided in the upper faceof the disc I).

he perforations h h h are covered with metal gauzes i i 2' The rings areheld in position when the discs at and b are screwed together, and insuch a way, that no part of the mixture can pass between the rings andthe discs and the only outlet will be through the perforations.

The working of the machine is as follows:

The discs are revolved, and when the desired velocity is obtained, themixtureof the immiscible ingredients is fed into the funnel in liquidform. They will then by passing through the first ring f be transformedinto a mist. If the atomizing obtained is sufficiently fine for thepurpose, the process is at an end, and the mist is collected in acontainer 7'. within which the apparatus rotates. But if the atomizingis insufficient, one or more rings 7, f are added, and the mist slungout through the first ring will be slung out through the perforationsand metal gauzes of the battery of two, three, four or more rings, eachtime passing through a. ring of greater peripherical velocity than theprevious, and therefore the atoniizing effect is gradually andproportionally increased as the Between these discs and outside theworthy pressure inside the apparatus and thus avoid any danger frombursting. There will be no danger of bursting of the apparatus, becausethe outlet from the rings can be made many times greater than thefeedingopening, as no special proportion between the two is necessaryfor obtaining emulsions.

In some cases, especially when the liquids to be emulsified are of lowspecific gravity, and therefore will not be so responsive to thecentrifugal force created in the apparatus as heavier liquids, it ispreferable to applv some kind of carriers, as for instance bafiles orvanes 70 k, 70 before the first ring and even between the followingrings. These bafiies may be either independent of the rings or formpartof them They will give to the fluids that centrifugal force which incertain cases will be necessary for a vigorous passing of the fluidsthrough the perforations of the rings.

In the modification illustrated in Fig. 3 the rings are placed excentricto each other and this last position will then in cases make the bafilesunnecessary, because the so arranged rings act as carriers of the fluidsin the same way as vanes, and the necessary centrifugal force will beapplied to the fluids.

The same force can be obtained without placing the rings or jackets inexcentric pos1- tion to each other, namely by giving the rings orjackets certain shapes as square, rectangular (Fig. 4) oval (Fig. 5)etc., and (or) making their sides corrugated (Fig. 6) serrated, etc.,and they can also in this case be placed excentrlc to each other.

What I claim is: v

1. An apparatus for emulsification of immiscible ingredients, comprisingtwo metal dlSCS adapted to rotate horizontally, a series of perforatedmetal jackets of different diameters placed between the said discs,metal gauzes covering the said'perforated jackets, means for detachablyconnecting the discs adapted to hold the jackets in position between thediscs, and means for feeding the llquids to be emulsified inside thesmallest jacket.

2. An apparatus for emulsification of immiscible ingredients, comprisingtwo metal dlscs adapted to rotate horizontally, a series ofperforated'circular rings placed between the said discs concentric toeach other and to the center of rotation, metal gauzes covering theperforations of said rings, means for detachably connecting the discsadapted to hold the rings in position between the discs, and means forfeeding the liquids to be emulsified inside the smallest ring.

3. An apparatus for emulsification of immiscible ingredients comprisingtwo' metal discs adapted to rotate horizontally, a series of perforatedcircular rings placed between the said discs concentric to each otherand to the center of rotation, metal gauzes covering the perforations ofsaid rings, means for detachably connecting the discs adapted to holdthe rings in position between the d scs, means for feeding the liquidsto be emulslfied inside the smallest ring, and carriers ar-' rangedbefore the first ring and between the following rin s adapted to movethe mixture to be emulsified through the said perfora tions. l

4. An apparatus for emulsification of immiscible ingredients, comprisingtwo met 1 discs adapted to rotate horizontally, a seri s of perforatedcircular rings placed between the said discs excentric to each other,metal gauzes covering the perforations of said rings, means fordetachably connecting the discs adapted to hold the rings in positionbetween the discs, and means for feeding the liquids to be emulsifiedinside the smallest rm 5% An apparatus for emulsification of immiscibleingredients, comprising two metal discs adapted. to rotate horizontally,a plurality of perforated metal rings placed between the said discsprovided with a corrugated surface, metal gauzes covering theperforations of said rings, means for detachably connecting the discsadapted to hold the jackets in position between the discs, and means forfeeding the liquids to be emulsified inside the smallest ring.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

NIELS BENDIXEN.

